Analysis Of Alan Patons Cry, The Beloved Country - 962 Words

Nelson Mandela once declared, â€Å"As long as poverty, injustice and gross inequality persist in our world, none of us can truly rest.† Nelson Mandela explains that seeing the injustice and prejudice in society but not doing anything to try and fix it will ultimately not solve the issue of racial division. In the novel, Cry, the Beloved Country, by Alan Paton, a wise man named Msimangu, and Arthur Jarvis, a well-respected activist, are characters that seek an end to the racial divide in the country of South Africa. Msimangu and Arthur Jarvis each uniquely seek an end to division in their country through teaching hope and working for justice. Msimangu teaches Stephen Kumalo about his hope for South Africa because he understands the oppression†¦show more content†¦Msimangu absolutely changes the way that Stephen thinks. He hears Msimangu reading and realizes not only that he has incredible eloquence, but also that he shows benevolence through his words. Stephen describes Msimangu as â€Å"A man whose heart was golden†. His heart and intentions are in the right place. Though Msimangu could not be perfect, he cared and tried to bring as much patience and love as he could. Stephen sees this in him and it makes him want to show more patience and grace to others as Msimangu does. As a result, Stephen finds his sister, Gertrude, who has been living in poverty as a prostitute and has left her son to lead a tragic life. Yet, Stephen finds it in himself to forgive and reconcile with her, bringing both his sister and her son back into the family. Through Msimangu’s teachings, Stephen was influenced to make a d ifference and to show kindness and grace to those in his family and community. Another character that strove to bring justice to South Africa is Arthur Jarvis. Arthur actively seeks an end to the racial divide through his persistent work because he sees the hardship and despises how the natives of South Africa are treated. James Jarvis, Arthur’s father who was not aware of how his son fought for the natives, finds Arthurs writings after he has died: â€Å"We believe in help for the underdog, but we want him to stay under† (Paton 187). Arthur writes about the injustice and inequality in their country. The whiteShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Alan Patons Cry The Beloved Country847 Words   |  4 PagesReverend Stephen Kumalo, the protagonist of Alan Paton’s novel Cry, the Beloved Country, lives in the countryside of Ndotsheni. The countryside is in drought, over-farmed, and the land is dying. Despite all this, it is still representative of home and peace to the chara cters in the novel. It is the home of traditions and old trivial rules. However, a consistent theme it brings is young people leaving for the city, and therefore bringing new messages to South Africa as a whole. The novel presentsRead MoreJames Jarvis806 Words   |  4 PagesJames Jarvis In Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country there is two protagonists, Reverend Stephen Kumalo, and James Jarvis. Both characters play significant roles to the story but James Jarvis’ situation is noteworthy and inspirational. James is an influential, dynamic character because his opinion dramatically changes upon reading his son’s manuscript. A series of events influences James to shift his mindset into the mindset of his son. An analysis on James Jarvis’ changing mindset revealsRead MoreAnalysis Of Orson Scott Card s The Great Pattern 1676 Words   |  7 Pageswhat resonates with the contemporary writer is essential in determining whether the focus of aspiring writers should be imitating Fielding’s ‘writers of antiquity’, embracing the ‘great pattern’, or on more recent works. For the purpose of this analysis I will be considering works written within the last twenty years ‘recent’, whilst analysing what wr iters gain, or lose, from fiction written longer ago. Some themes in literature are forever relevant to the human condition. George Orwell’s Nineteen

Controversial Views in Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay

The Controversial Views in Kate Chopins The Awakening Kate Chopins The Awakening is truly a novel that stands out from the rest. From the moment it was published, it has been caused women to examine their beliefs. The fact that The Awakening was shunned when first published, yet now taught in classrooms across the country is proof that The Awakening is full of rebellious and controversial ideas. One of the main themes explored in The Awakening is that of a womans place in society. In that time period, a woman was considered in some ways to be property of a man (Mahin 2). This is shown repeatedly in The Awakening, through the many relationships between the characters. As with many ideas throughout the book,†¦show more content†¦Ednas unconventional ideas about her place in the society that she lived in is proof of the rebellious nature of The Awakening. There are many other areas of Ednas story while illustrate the rebellious ideas that she represents. For example, her view of religion is very controversial for that time period. Throughout the story, we can see that Edna had no tolerance for the religious practices that were held so dear to the rest of society (Klein 3). It is not surprising that Edna refuses to worship any higher power, since we have also seen that she refuses to hold even her family to any higher regard (Klein 4). Additionally, Ednas attitude towards art builds on the unconventional themes of the story (Klein 6). Edna is told by Mademoiselle Reisz that o be an artist... you must possess the courageous soul... the brave soul. The soul that dares and defies (Chopin 115). This seems indicative of the very soul that Edna strives to possess in the story. Her quest to become an artist seems tied to her quest to break from the conventions of society because of this definition. Ednas reverence for art and the values that it seems to be connected with make her personality even more unconventional in the terms of the society that she lived in. Even more importantly, it was Ednas ownShow MoreRelatedThe Unique Style Of Kate Chopin s Writing1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe unique style of Kate Chopin’s writing has influenced and paved the way for many female authors. Although not verbally, Kate Chopin aired political and social issues affecting women and challenging the validity of such restrictions through fiction. Kate Chopin, a feminist in her time, prevailed against the notion that a woman’s purpose was to only be a housewife and nothing more. Kate Chopin fortified the importance of women empowerment, self-expression, self-assertion, and female sexuality throughRead MoreKate Chopin s Life And Feminism1281 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopin’s Life and Works- Feminism Kate Chopin, born on February 8th, 1850, was a progressive writer in the midst of a conservative and unequal time. She exposed the unfair undertones of society in such a way that made people outrage and condemn some of her works. However, in the early 1900s, her works were examined again and people started to listen to her ideas. One of these main motifs that Chopin’s works kept bringing up were feminism and equality. In The Awakening, Edna Pontellier, a radicalRead More The Unconventional Kate Chopin Essays718 Words   |  3 PagesThe Unconventional Kate Chopin Kate Chopin, a female author in the Victorian Era, wrote a large number of short stories and poems. She is most famous for her controversial novel The Awakening in which the main character struggles between societys obligations and her own desires. At the time The Awakening was published, Chopin had written more than one hundred short stories, many of which had appeared in magazines such as Vogue. She was something of a literary â€Å"lioness in St.Read MoreKate Chopin s Literary Creativity And Women s Independence1097 Words   |  5 Pages Kate Chopin has become one of the most influential feminist writers of the century. From Chopin’s literary rejection of The Awakening, the rejection sparked a fire in Chopin’s feminist side. Chopin began writing short stories that would become society’s lead in literary creativity and women’s independence. Kate Chopin’s biography is astonishingly intriguing and the importance Chopin plays to the feminist literature genre is exceptional. Critics either rave Chopin’s work or completely destroy itRead MoreThe Awakening on Kate Chopins The Awakening1745 Words   |  7 Pages The time period of the 1880s that Kate Chopin lived in influenced her to write The Awakening, a very controversial book because of many new depictions of women introduced in the book. The Awakening is a book about a woman, Edna Pontellier. In the beginning, she is a happy woman with her husband and 2 kids vacationing at Grand Isle. While there, Edna realizes she is in love with Robert Lebrun and that she was just forced into an unloving/dissatisfying marriage with Mr. Pontellier. Robert howeverRead More The Writing Style and Beliefs of Kate Chopin Essay example2035 Words   |  9 PagesThe Writing Style and Beliefs of Kate Chopin  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Kate Chopin was an extraordinary writer of the nineteenth century. Despite failure to receive positive critical response, she became one of the most powerful and controversial writers of her time. She dared to write her thoughts on topics considered radical: the institution of marriage and womens desire for social, economic, and political equality. With a focus on the reality of relationships between men and women, she draws stunning andRead MoreResearch Paper on Kate Chopin and the Feminism in Her Works2066 Words   |  9 PagesLicano 1 Maria Licano Mrs. Hummel Ap English 08 27 April 2012 Kate Chopin: Feminism in Her Works â€Å"Love and passion, marriage and independence, freedom and restraint.† These are the themes that are represented and worked with throughout Kate Chopin’s works. Kate Chopin, who was born on February 8, 1851, in St. Louis, was an American acclaimed writer of short stories and novels. She was also a poet, essayist, and a memoirist. Chopin grew up around many women; intellectual women that is. ChopinRead More Kate Chopins Writing Essay2357 Words   |  10 PagesKate Chopins Writing Elizabeth Fox Genovese of Emory University shared in a PBS interview that â€Å"She [Kate Chopin] was very important as one of the earliest examples of modernism in the United States or, if you wish, the cutting edge of modernism in American literature† (PBS – Interviews). Kate Chopin published At Fault, her first novel, in 1890 and The Awakening, her last novel, in 1898 (Guilds 924). During these years Chopin wrote numerous other works and most, like At Fault and The AwakeningRead More The Awakening by Kate Chopin Essay2440 Words   |  10 PagesThe Awakening by Kate Chopin Kate Chopin is one of the first female writers to address female issues, primarily sexuality. Chopin declares that women are capable of overt sexuality in which they explore and enjoy their sexuality. Chopin shows that her women are capable of loving more than one man at a time. They are not only attractive but sexually attracted (Ziff 148). Two of Chopin’s stories that reflect this attitude of sexuality are The Awakening and one of her short stories â€Å"The Storm†Read More The Awakening: America Was Not Ready For Edna Pontellier Essay1868 Words   |  8 Pageswas much on the public mind (Culley 117). Women were finally publicly discussing private matters and gaining on their male counterparts’ socioeconomic status, and in 1899, in the midst of the womens movement, American society seemed ready for Kate Chopin’s newest invention, Edna Pontellier. Madame Edna Pontellier, wife of wealthy and much respected Leonce Pontellier, had the perfect life. Vacationing in Grand Isle, living in a mansion, raising her two boys, Edna seemed untroubled and well cared

Recent FDI and China’s Scramble to Africa

Question: Describe about the Recent FDI and Chinas Scramble to Africa? Answer: Introduction While there are still deficiencies regarding the efficiency of the political institutions and democracy, the political and financial steadiness in Sub-Saharan Africa overall has moved forward. A few nations accomplished significant advancement in education, the battle against defilement and an enhancement in the business climate. Like other developing locales, some of the exterior shocks can possibly affect financial trends in Sub-Saharan Africa(Heidhues, 2012). A consistent fall in the prices of commodities to lower levels, which is as of now not a reasonable situation, would have a deplorable effect. The area is less presented to negative worldwide financial developmental trends(Abor, 2014). The area is additionally not extremely powerless against monstrous capital outflows. Recent FDI and Chinas Scramble to Africa Rising economies consistently require Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for practical development and advancement, with governments having perceived the vitality of the flow of the financial capital in economies of nations, now settling on arrangements and political choices that would support it(Mullineux, 2014). Generally, economies that appreciate gigantic FDI inflow are moderately steady as financial specialists are regularly careful about the dangers of their ventures, especially in regions that are volatile. No speculator might likewise want to conduct the business in an environment where safety and security is not ensured (O'Connell, 2009). While speculators are very much aware of the growing instability in sub-Saharan Africa (aggregate number of new FDI tasks declined by 3.1 percent in 2013 as an aftereffect of political instability in North Africa.) and the potential impact it can have on a stable business environment emulated by the recent events that demonstrate that the land mass still appreciates an extensively high FDI (Kaplinsky, 2010). The global share of FDI projects arrived at 5.7 percent in 2013, the largest amount recorded in the previous 10 years(O'Connell, Governance and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2012). The number of new FDI ventures in sub-Saharan Africa expanded by 4.7 percent where the FDI projects on an average increased from $60.1 m in 2012 to $70.1 m till 2013(Adams, 2011). The growth story of Africa is based on "solid macroeconomic development and viewpoint, enhancing business environment, plenteous natural resources, rising consumer class, equitable dividend and advancement of the infrastructure(Ndulu, 2012). Intra-African venture has additionally been a real driver of development in sub-Saharan Africa, with shareholders like Nigeria's Aliko Dangote being the wealthiest man within the continent and growing his business portfolio crosswise over Africa, making vocations and monetary development in progress(Morris, 2011). Aside the re gional integration, Africa has begun broadening the activities economic in nature, with oil-rich nations like Nigeria taking a gander at different opportunities like Agriculture, consequently developing the levels of employment and making another class of consumer(Njoupougnigni, 2010). The Ernst Young said the advancement had made ready for expanding FDI in consumer centered services and manufacturing divisions. The report additionally revealed that the investors of Africa also tripled their FDI share of the ventures throughout the last decade(Bartels, 2010). China is presently South Africa's biggest trading accomplice. Undoubtedly, the Chinese are conducting business and settling deals all throughout Africa. Some of the recent examples that are worth billions to the beneficiary nations incorporate deals to import oil from Nigeria and coal from Mozambique(Darley, 2012). China's traders pop up all over Africa, and its construction firms have developed railways, routes and other diverse buildings that range from Lesotho to Egypt(Tuomi, 2011). The developmental strategies that are basically western led did not disturb the cycle of under development in Africa. So Chinese speculations, made for sound business reasons and boosting growth and employment result in the offering of new alternative and hope(Rooyen, 2007). The development of the infrastructure by the Chines will likewise have positive influence for commercial enterprises that are external to the natural resources. Chinese merchants have brought goods to Africa that are particularly inexpensive. Additionally as the labor costs climb at home, Chinese producers may take a gander with new interest at Africa, as a production base. Previous frontier forces are in a powerless position to address China on Africa. Additionally with the spread of the ideals of rivalry, the west can't generally protest with the result of being in the race of Chinese outbid for African natural resources(Kolstad, 2011). One reason that African governments regularly love working with the Chinese is that they are substantially more averse to condition their ventures on governmental improvements(Sprance, 2008). This business like and pragmatic attitude has a considerable impact. Investment even in oppressive nations, generally brings advantages to conventional individuals. However there are constraints or there ought to be. With the Propping up of the governments that are quite vicious in Sudan or Zimbabwe where both favorable Chinese business partners does no favors to the people of those nations. At last, it will harm the notoriety of China and its financial interests within Africa(Bedi, 2013). The Chinese government has a so called attitude towards itself regarding the long haul perspective of China's own improvement. It ought to apply the same long haul logic to Africa and take an all the more recognizing demeanor to its business partners(Lederman, 2013). Conclusion FDI inflows to Sub-Saharan Africa have climbed essentially over the recent three decades, the general regional performance in drawing in FDI is by all accounts baffling. FDI inflows into Sub-Saharan Africa spread unevenly over the region demonstrating a high concentration level in a couple of nations(Mendy, 2012). There is blended proof with respect to FDI effect on monetary development in Sub-Saharan Africa(Jerven, 2010). As huge FDI exercises in Africa are occurring in the mining area, regressive and spillover influence and forward linkages are exceptionally restricted(Kaplinsky, Chinese FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa: Engaging with Large Dragons, 2009). Bibliography Abor, J. Y. (2014). Developments in the Financial Services Sector in Africa. Review of Development Finance, 63-126. Adams, S. (2011). Foreign Direct investment, domestic investment, and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. IDEAS, 12-25. Bartels, F. L. (2010). Foreign Direct Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa: Motivating Factors and Policy Issues. Journal of African Business, 141-162. Bedi, A. S. (2013). Foreign direct investment, black economic empowerment and labour productivity in South Africa. The Journal of International Trade Economic Development: An International and Comparative Review, 103-128. Darley, W. K. (2012). Increasing Sub-Saharan Africa's Share of Foreign Direct Investment: Public Policy Challenges, Strategies, and Implications. Journal of African Business, 62-69. Heidhues, F. (2012). Why is Development in Sub-Saharan Africa so Difficult? Challenges and Lessons Learned. Journal of Economic Studies, 2(5), 13-28. Jerven, M. (2010). AFRICAN GROWTH RECURRING: AN ECONOMIC HISTORY PERSPECTIVE ON AFRICAN GROWTH EPISODES, 16902010. Economic History of Developing Regions, 127-154. Kaplinsky, R. (2009). Chinese FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa: Engaging with Large Dragons. European Journal of Development Research, 21(2), 551-569. Kaplinsky, R. (2010). Chinese FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa: Engaging with Large Dragons. European Journal of Development Research, 551-569. Kolstad, I. (2011). Better the Devil You Know? Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in Africa. Journal of African Business, 31-50. Lederman, D. (2013). Microeconomic consequences and macroeconomic causes of foreign direct investment in southern African economies. Applied Economics, 3637-3649. Mendy, M. (2012). Economic growth and openness in Africa: What is the empirical relationship? Applied Economics Letters, 1903-1907. Morris, R. (2011). Ease of doing business and FDI inflow to Subà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Saharan Africa and Asian countries. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 400-411. Mullineux, A. W. (2014). Financial sector policies for enterprise development in Africa. Review of Development Finance, 66-78. Ndulu, B. J. (2012). Infrastructure, Regional Integration and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Dealing with the disadvantages of Geography and Sovereign Fragmentation. Journal of Economic Studies, 15(2), 212-244. Njoupougnigni, M. (2010). Foreign aid, foreign direct investment and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from pooled mean group estimator (PMG). International Journal of Economics and Finance, 25-38. O'Connell, S. A. (2009). Governance and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 41-66. Rooyen, J. V. (2007). THE STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE US AND CHINAS ENGAGEMENT WITHIN AFRICA. South African Journal of Military Studies, 35(1), 15-28. Sprance, W. R. (2008). THE NEW TOURNAMENT OF SHADOWS: THE STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS OF CHINAS ACTIVITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA AND AFRICOMS ROLE IN THE U.S. RESPONSE. Journal of Military and Strategic Studies, 10(3), 15-29. Tuomi, K. (2011). The Role of the Investment Climate and Tax Incentives in the Foreign Direct Investment Decision: Evidence from South Africa. Journal of African Business, 133-147.